Internal combustion engine valve



My 23, 1939. H. WALT] 2,159,607

'mimnn. COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE Filed Nov. 13, 1936 INVENTOR Hannah 14 627511,

BY mDwm/vmram ATTORNEYS but were not satisfactory as one or more power- Patented May 23, 1939 UNITED STATES INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE Heinrich Walti, Winterthur, Switzerland, assignor to Sulzer Freres, Societe Anonyme, Winterthur, Switzerland Application November 13, 1936, Serial No. 110,643,

In Switzerland December 18, 1935 2 Claims.

This invention relates to spring actuated fuel Valves for internal combustion engines and has for its object the provision of an improved valve of this character.

It has been proposed to load the valve needles of fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines, which are opened by the pressure of the fuel, by spiral springs. Such spiral springs require a suitable housing and as the springs must be strong enough to close the fuel valve against high pressures they must be of substantial length, thus necessitating spring housings of such lengththatthey project outwardly far beyond the engine cylinder. That is. particularly objectionable in internal combustion engines of the rocker counter-piston type in which it is usual to position the fuel injection valves between the cylinders of the engine. In order to reduce the length of the spring housing it has been proposed to replace the spiral springs by beam or laminated springs, both ends of which are laterally movable between guides and are adjustable, and the central part, which loads the valve needles, cooperating with a displaceable stops As such springs are nowhere firmly clamped the resulting structure necessary to carry the adjacent parts is bulky and projects over' the cylinder jacket, thereby -making it difficult to closely juxtapose several cylinders and to obtain an exact setting or adjustment of the springs before installation.

In order to avoid the objections to beam and laminated springs as above referred to, twistable bar springs having their axes-extendinglaterally from the axes of the needle valves were tried ful transmission members between the bar spring and the needle valve had to be provided. Necessarily, the result was a separate mounting of the bar spring and needle valve which made possible an adjustment of the spring. only after the assembly of the internal combustion engine had been completed. Furthermore, adjustment was diflicult where the valves had to be placed in the space between adjacent cylinders.

The present invention avoids the above disadvantages by the use of an integral spring (Cl. 251-144) T in a very compact construction and a smoother and easier action of the spring tension than, can be attained, with twistable bar springs, or with beams held on both sides, or with laminated springs of the type referred to above. I In order to eleminate from the start the free spring stroke up to. the desired initial tension of the spring, which no longer is required after the. assembly is completed, and to reduce the length of the spring casin it is proposed'by the present invention to position the spring rod so that it extends laterallyof the needlevalve in a lateral extension of the casing or housing of the injection valve. Thusthere is obtained an extremely small construction length for the part of the valve housing which projects over the cylinder jacket.

Moreover, as all the parts are placed in a common housing, a previous exact adjustment of the spring to theneedlevalve tension of the valve casing or housingipreferably isefiected byprovidingthat end with a conical portion which "diverges from .the valve needle and having it seat on a similarly formed portion ofthe extension of the valve casing or housing.

The invention will be better understood from a consideration of the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a partial section through a fuel Valve in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is an illustration of an adaptation of the valve of the invention to internal combustion engines, and

Figure 3 is a section along line 33 of Fig- 40 we 2.

In the drawing, with particular reference to Figure 1, the fuel-valve I is shown in operative position mounted inengagement with the jacket 2 and cylinder wall 3 of an internal combustion engine. The housing 4 has an extension 5 fitting into a bore 6 in the jacket 2 and a nozzle 1 is attached to the extension 5 by means of the coupling 8. r

The housing 4 has an angularly disposed extension 9, in which an opening l0, preferably a cylindrical bore, is formed throughout the greater part of its length. At the free end of the extension!) the bore is conical. has a central opening or bore II in communica- The extension 5 tion with the bore ID, the two being crosswise to each other, meeting preferably at right angles.

The needle portion l8 of the valve is not completely shown, parts thereof being within the nozzle 1. A conduit I2 is formed in the extension 5 and leads from a suitable source of oil (not shown) to the nozzle where it acts in the conventional manner mean the needle of the valve. A :pushrod I3 disposed in the axial direction .of the needle l8 and in engagement therewith, is mounted in the bore II, the upper end of which extends into the bore Ill. (The axial direction of the valve, it will be noted, in the adaptation of the invention illustrated, is substantiallvradia-l to the cylinder bore.) I

A bar spring l5, having an end portion of conical form is securely fitted into the conical .endportion of the bore I0, is held fast by the cap screw l6 and is prevented from turning by the pin ll. tapers in the direction of i s pposite end which has a flattened port n n p ssed enga ement with the rod 113.. ,"lfhecqnical part of the. exten- ..s e.n,.9 and the end carry ng. the cap screw are so formed that the geometricalaxis J19 thereof meets thepushrod a few millimeters below its upper ,end-v As thiisconstrncted and arranged the sprin under tension and presses against the rod 1.3, V

An illustration of. an adaptation of the-valve of the inventionisshownin Fi s. ;2 and .3 in which the internal combustion engine .(arocker counterpistontvpe) 1 5 cylinders 13. jackets .2, p tons i2l lpistonrodsi2l. rocker levers 22;. connectin i'ods .23 and a crankshaft 24. in engines of this type, into whichv the .fiielmust be injected into thee innustion Chamber, throu h h l de it d sirable to inject the .fuel into the combust r; ihamher from ea h .of two diam trically pposite points, lttwiil :be noted that, in engines of th s type, the. Iuel valves .must not be located an e rank-S de 9f the e linderslbecause they would be inaccessible. With the fuel valvesaccording to the pre ent invention this diificulty is eliminated in .a simple manner by ,arrangingthe valves inthenlane .ofthe axes of the cylinders.

Because the me] valves of the invention may be,

made. very ,short the direction of the valve The remaining portion of the :spring [5 axis, it is possible to install and remove them easily, without the necessity of increasing the distance between the cylinders.

In operation, the needle valve is opened in the conventional manner by the pressure of oil fed into the conduit I 2 during the compression stroke of the fuel pump (not shown). When this pressure is released, the needle valve is instantly closed by the pressure -exerted upon the pushrod I3 by the spring l5.

'1 claim:

1- ,Aiuel injection valve assembly for internal combustion engines in which the valve member is adapted .to close against a high fuel pressure,

. which comprises an angular housing having a pair .oi intersecting bores, one located in each angular portion of the housing, and a conical seat in axial alignment with one of said bores, an injection valve needle mounted in one of said bores, .a spring rod mounted in the other bore, said springrod having the end furthest from the valve needle provided with a conical portion, and means for holding the conical portion of said spring rod against the conical seat of the valve housing to thereby firmly secure said spring rod to the valve housing, and the free end of said spring rod loading the valve needle and being movable outwardly in the direction in which the valve needle extends.

2. A fuel injection valve assembly for internal ,combustion engines in which the valve member is .adapted to close against a high fuel pressure, which comprises an angular valve housing having a pair of intersecting bores, one located in each angular portion of the housing .and a conical seat 1.

in ,axial alignment withone .of said bores, an injection valve needlemounted in one of said bores, a, tapered unitary spring rod mounted in the other of said bores, a portion of said spring rod furthest from the valve needle bearing against the conical seat in said valve housing, and means for holding said end of the spring rod against said-conical seat to firmly secure said end of the spring rod to the valve housing, the free end of said springrod loading the valve needle and be ing movable outwardly in the direction in which the valve needle extends.

HEINRICH WALTI.

all) 

